Commas can be used to give the reader time to breathe. Cutting this into several sentences would undoubtedly improve it further.
Minimal-commas rule: Use the minimum number of commas needed to avoid ambiguity. Sentences with many commas often have strangulated syntax; if the commas seem necessary, consider breaking the sentence into shorter ones or rewriting it altogether. Another exception to the minimal-commas rule is in lists.
Colons and Semicolons
Colons are used to join related statements / introduce lists / Semicolons can be used to separate the elements in a list
A semicolon can also be used to divide a long sentence or to set off part of a sentence for emphasis.
Apostrophes ("," stuffs)
Singular possessives require an apostrophe ex. "the student's algorithm"
Plural possessives require an apostrophe ex. "students' passwords"
Pronoun possessives do not require an apostrophe ex. "its", "hers"
Contractions require an apostrophe ex. "it's", "can't"
Exclamation: avoid exclamation marks! Never use more than one!! It would be better to omit the exclamation and add emphasis some other way.
Hyphenation (-)
Make sure you are consistent.
Hyphens are used to override right associativity. ex. randomized data structure > randomized data-structure
Capitalization
Only proper names are capitalized. ex. Prolog
Theorem, Figure, Section and headings
It is acceptable to use maximum capitalization for sections and minimum capitalization for subsections.
Quotation
One convention for quotations is that some punctuation marks are placed inside the quotation even when they are not part of the original material > place a punctuation mark within the quotation only if it was used in the original text.
Parentheses
A sentence containing a statement in parentheses should be punctuated exactly as if the parenthetical statement was not there.